Japan is the 4th largest export economy in the world and the most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI). In 2015, Japan exported $670B and imported $589B, resulting in a positive trade balance of $81.6B. In 2015 the GDP of Japan was $4.38T and its GDP per capita was $40.8k.

The top exports of Japan are Cars ($93.6B), Integrated Circuits ($30.6B), Vehicle Parts ($30.3B), Industrial Printers ($14.4B) and Passenger and Cargo Ships ($11.7B), using the 1992 revision of the HS (Harmonized System) classification. Its top imports are Petroleum Gas ($47.3B), Crude Petroleum ($40.5B), Integrated Circuits ($17.4B), Packaged Medicaments ($16.6B) and Computers ($15.9B).

The top export destinations of Japan are the United States ($128B), China ($116B), South Korea ($44.6B), Other Asia ($37.2B) and Hong Kong ($33.9B). The top import origins are China ($152B), the United States ($63.5B), Australia ($30.7B), South Korea ($25.5B) and the United Arab Emirates ($21B).

Japan is an island and borders China, South Korea, the Philippines, North Korea, Taiwan and Russia by sea.