Turkmenistan is the 95th largest export economy in the world. In 2016, Turkmenistan exported $14.5B and imported $9.9B, resulting in a positive trade balance of $4.57B.

The top exports of Turkmenistan are Petroleum Gas ($5.43B), Crude Petroleum ($497M), Refined Petroleum ($225M), Raw Cotton ($210M) and Special Purpose Ships ($198M), using the 1992 revision of the HS (Harmonized System) classification. Its top imports are Iron Structures ($324M), Other Heating Machinery ($230M), Air Pumps ($197M), Unspecified ($183M) and Liquid Pumps ($105M).

Turkmenistan borders Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan by land and Azerbaijan by sea.